The better solution to many problems across all industries is to keep peeling back the layers to find the root cause.
Problem solving involves systematically searching through possible actions to reach a goal, using both divergent and convergent thinking. Reasoning involves deriving inferences or conclusions from premises using logical rules and laws.
Conditional Reasoning: Draw a conclusion based on a conditional ("if...then") proposition.
Deduction: Deductive reasoning involves analyzing valid argument forms and drawing out conclusions implicit in their premises.
Syllogisms: Deductive arguments with two premises and a conclusion.
-Categorical Syllogism: Premises and the conclusion state that some or all members of one category are or are not members of another category.
-Linear Syllogism: Involve a quantitative comparison where each term displays more or less of a particular attribute, and the reasoner draws conclusions based on the quantification.
Induction: Inductive reasoning involves reasoning from a part to a whole, from particulars to generals, from the past to the future, or from the observed to the unobserved.
-Causal Inference: Reasoning to the conclusion that something is, or is likely to be, the cause of something else.
-Categorical Inference: Making a judgment about whether something is, or is likely to be, a member of a certain category.
-Analogical Inference: Apply what one has learned to another domain, using the structure "As A is to B, so C is to D," or "As A is in B, so C is in D".
Fallacies: Violations of rules governing correctness or efficiency in reasoning.
-Scope Mistakes: Confusion about the scope of terms, leading to misinterpretations.
-Fallacy of Many Questions: Ask a question whose presupposition has not been established.
-Begging the Question: Answer the main question by assuming the answer in the premises.
-Ad Hominem Reasoning: Do the reasons by reference to a person rather than the argument itself.
-Illicit Rhetorical Ploys: Appeal to pity, authority, or popular opinion.
Problem Types
-Well-Structured Problems: Have clear solution paths where the steps to reach a solution can be easily specified.
-Ill-Structured Problems: Do not have clear solution paths, and the steps needed to reach a solution cannot be easily specified.
Problem-solving is about seeing a problem and actually discovering a real solution to that problem, not just the band-aid approach to fixing the symptom. The better solution to many problems across all industries is to keep peeling back the layers to find the root cause. Therefore, taking a logical approach to solve a problem can significantly improve the effectiveness of the solution and eliminate side effects, generate value, and drive progressive changes.
0 comments:
Post a Comment