Philippa Foot’s Philosophy

As the world becomes more hyperconnected and interdependent; if we can define a common set of values in the global society, that makes moral judgments more objective worldwidely.

Philippa Foot was a British moral philosopher, being known for her work on nature goodness, and objectivity in moral judgments. She criticized theories that saw moral statements as mere expressions of feeling rather than objective truths. Philippa Foot's work was highly influential in 20th-century ethics, focusing on Virtues and Human Flourishing, particularly in reviving interest in normative ethics and virtue ethics. Here are some key aspects of her philosophy:

Natural Goodness: Foot saw humans as having a natural capacity for goodness. Morality stems from fulfilling this potential and living a flourishing life. Reason plays a crucial role in ethics. Foot argued that being good involves using reason to guide one's actions and develop virtues like courage, honesty, and compassion. Foot's work delved into the nature of moral judgments, the importance of emotions in moral reasoning, and the relationship between morality and human nature.

Objectivity vs. Subjectivity: Foot challenged the prevailing view that moral judgments were purely subjective expressions of preference. She argued that moral judgments, like factual ones, could be true or false. We can give reasons for our moral judgments, attempting to convince others of their validity. This focus on reason-giving distinguishes moral judgments from mere feelings or personal opinions.

Naturalism and Moral Facts: Foot believed humans, like other natural objects, have a specific function or "telos." For humans, this telos is flourishing, a state where we use our capacities for good to live well. Morality arises from understanding this telos and acting accordingly.

Foot differed from some realists in her time. She argued that moral judgments, like factual ones, could be true or false. It’s always important to consider both hard and soft factors in making sound judgments consistently. Moral judgments often involve emotions like empathy and compassion, which guide us towards actions that promote human flourishing.

In my opinion, nowadays, we live in a more advanced information-abundant society, sequence-consequence, and cause-effect analysis become even more critical. As the world becomes more hyperconnected and interdependent; if we can define a common set of values in the global society, that makes moral judgments more objective worldwidely.

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