Psychologists recognize that thinking is not uniform and can be categorized into different types, such as problem-solving, reasoning, judgment, and decision-making.
Critical thinking also involves forming reasoned assessments to propose solutions or gain a more accurate understanding of a topic.
Critical thinking is seen as more open, flexible, and self-correcting than a strict scientific method, allowing for continuous reassessment of assumptions and explanations. Thought leaders in psychology, philosophy, and educational theory sought to apply the scientific method to understand and define thinking processes.
In educational contexts, critical thinking is considered essential for developing engaged and productive citizens capable of rational discourse in a democratic society. It has been a central goal of education policies, particularly in the United States, where it is included in curriculum standards like the Common Core State Standards.
Psychologists recognize that thinking is not uniform and can be categorized into different types, such as problem-solving, reasoning, judgment, and decision-making. These processes involve realistic thinking, which is oriented toward the external environment and involves making judgments based on available information.
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